An ear infection, also referred to as acute otitis media or otitis externa, is an infection impacting either the middle or outer ear. Ear infections are a prevalent issue affecting individuals of all ages, with children being the most commonly affected group. Most ear infection symptoms appear suddenly and often resolve on their own within 3 to 7 days, without requiring treatment.
Symptoms
Common indications of an ear infection include:
- Ear pain
- Fever of 38°C or higher
- Nausea and vomiting
- Lethargy
- Hearing difficulties
- Ear discharge
- Pressure build-up in the ear
- Itching in and around the ear
- Dry, scaly skin in and around the ear
Diagnosis
A healthcare professional can usually diagnose an ear infection promptly by considering the symptoms described and your medical history. The doctor will typically examine the ears, throat and nasal passages and take temperature readings to identify clinical signs of an infection.
For individuals who frequently experience ear infections, recognising the symptoms as soon as they appear can be valuable.
Treatment
Mild and short-lived ear infections typically do not necessitate treatment and tend to resolve within 3 to 7 days. To alleviate symptoms, consider the following:
- Use over-the-counter pain relievers like paracetamol and ibuprofen.
- Apply a warm or cold compress to the affected ear.
- Regularly clean the ear to remove any discharge using a clean swab or cotton wool ball.
For more severe infections, such as those with persistent symptoms after 3 days or a high fever, antibiotics may be necessary. Additionally, antibacterial solutions like Earcalm, steroids such as Otomize Ear Spray or anti-fungal drops like Canesten Solution can help relieve symptoms of outer ear infections.
Prevention
Preventing inner ear infections can be challenging, as they are often triggered by colds or the flu. However, you can take steps to reduce the risk of outer ear infections, including:
- Avoid using cotton wool buds or inserting fingers into your ears.
- Use earplugs or a swimming cap to protect your ears while swimming.
- Prevent water or shampoo from entering your ears when showering or bathing.
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